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你有沒有想到(dao)(dao)，路上(shang)(shang)行(xing)駛(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車(che)可能(neng)會(hui)(hui)影響到(dao)(dao)軍用(yong)(yong)雷達的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作？汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備會(hui)(hui)危及到(dao)(dao)自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常行(xing)駛(shi)？車(che)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話所產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)也會(hui)(hui)影響到(dao)(dao)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)駛(shi)安(an)(an)全？這(zhe)些都是汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)所帶(dai)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，如(ru)果汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兼容(rong)(rong)性能(neng)良好，那么(me)這(zhe)些干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)將會(hui)(hui)大(da)限度避免。近(jin)日，在北京召(zhao)開的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個有關汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研討會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，有專家提出，由于關乎(hu)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)駛(shi)安(an)(an)全，汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)技(ji)術已(yi)(yi)經日益受到(dao)(dao)重視。　　汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)過(guo)去，汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子帶(dai)給人們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是更多(duo)舒適與便利(li)，如(ru)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)升(sheng)降窗、中控(kong)鎖等(deng)，這(zhe)些產(chan)品(pin)取代了(le)現有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械系(xi)統(tong)，眼下已(yi)(yi)經越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多(duo)地(di)擴展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)與安(an)(an)全系(xi)統(tong)相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)上(shang)(shang)。業內人士(shi)向(xiang)記(ji)者(zhe)表示，汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子已(yi)(yi)經進入到(dao)(dao)了(le)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)之(zhi)中，如(ru)提供重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)駕駛(shi)員(yuan)信息、控(kong)制發動(dong)機、避撞監(jian)測及對車(che)內環境實施(shi)智能(neng)控(kong)制等(deng)。因此(ci)，汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)，使(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)成為汽(qi)車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣系(xi)統(tong)設計中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要考慮。

在汽(qi)(qi)車運行過程中，汽(qi)(qi)車電子產(chan)品常常處于(yu)充滿噪(zao)聲的(de)惡劣環境中，因此汽(qi)(qi)車電子必(bi)須具有優良的(de)電磁兼(jian)容(EMC)性能。

汽車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)兼容成(cheng)為(wei)重要(yao)課題汽車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)干擾(rao)有(you)著很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害。有(you)關(guan)專家介紹，汽車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)和(he)汽車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)產品中產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)干擾(rao)（EMI）會(hui)向四(si)周(zhou)發射電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)波，影響其他(ta)通訊設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)，還(huan)能(neng)擾(rao)亂軍用車(che)(che)(che)輛上(shang)攜帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)導彈系(xi)統(tong)部分無線電(dian)(dian)(dian)、雷達和(he)計算機電(dian)(dian)(dian)路控制系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。此外，汽車(che)(che)(che)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)干擾(rao)不(bu)但能(neng)影響外界的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)，也會(hui)影響汽車(che)(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)系(xi)統(tong)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。同時，外界的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)干擾(rao)也會(hui)影響汽車(che)(che)(che)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo)。

在(zai)大(da)多數汽(qi)車(che)(che)控制系(xi)(xi)統設計中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)技術變(bian)得越來越重(zhong)要。專家(jia)認為，為了防止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)環(huan)境干擾對(dui)汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品的(de)性(xing)能產生不(bu)利影響(xiang)，避免汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品功能的(de)喪(sang)失，保(bao)證大(da)量(liang)汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備能在(zai)同一個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)系(xi)(xi)統中彼此互(hu)無影響(xiang)并可靠工作，就必須確定一個合適(shi)的(de)干擾極限，以保(bao)證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干擾輻射和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)靈敏度(EMS)極限之間存在(zai)足夠(gou)的(de)安(an)全容(rong)量(liang)限制。所(suo)以解決汽(qi)車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)性(xing)已成(cheng)為一個重(zhong)要課題(ti)。

國(guo)內外電(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)研究(jiu)相(xiang)差懸殊汽(qi)(qi)車(che)技術比較先進的國(guo)家(jia)都十分重視對(dui)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)電(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)的研究(jiu)，紛(fen)紛(fen)制定了相(xiang)應(ying)法規，各大(da)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)生(sheng)產(chan)商則(ze)投(tou)入資金(jin)建立相(xiang)應(ying)的汽(qi)(qi)車(che)電(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)研究(jiu)中心，對(dui)其(qi)整車(che)執行測(ce)試認可，對(dui)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)電(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品(pin)零(ling)部件的批量生(sheng)產(chan)進行檢查，分析事(shi)故的賠(pei)償責任，對(dui)整車(che)電(dian)磁(ci)環境的測(ce)試進行分析和(he)描述，從(cong)而提出整車(che)電(dian)氣系統和(he)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)電(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品(pin)的電(dian)磁(ci)兼容(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)設計的技術要求。

從國內(nei)的(de)研究(jiu)情況看，業內(nei)專(zhuan)家(jia)認為(wei)，目前(qian)，國內(nei)相(xiang)對實(shi)力較強的(de)幾大(da)汽車(che)廠家(jia)已認識到電(dian)磁兼容(rong)性(xing)的(de)重要性(xing)，并(bing)著手這方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)研究(jiu)，但同(tong)先(xian)進(jin)國家(jia)相(xiang)比，多數國內(nei)企業在(zai)這方(fang)面(mian)(mian)差距(ju)很大(da)，建立電(dian)磁兼容(rong)性(xing)研究(jiu)中心(xin)的(de)。